AI Service Build Document AI & NLP LLM Engineering ML Systems

Hours to under a minute:
AI-powered property document
processing at scale.

Thousands of property legal documents. A manual review process that couldn't keep up. We automated it end-to-end — and benchmarked every decision along the way.

<1 min per document, automated
Beat AWS & Azure on domain tasks
Thousands of documents at scale
Live in production, fully automated
Engagement Snapshot
ClientA Property Tech business
SectorProperty Tech / Document AI
ServiceEnd-to-End AI Pipeline Development
VolumeThousands of property legal documents
OutcomeHours of manual review → under one minute per document
StatusLive — fully automated, distributed processing

Key Highlights

Hours to under a minute — each document processed automatically in under 60 seconds
Built and benchmarked in-house — our models matched or exceeded AWS and Azure on domain-specific tasks
Distributed processing — scaled to handle thousands of documents without manual intervention
Full pipeline ownership — PDF ingestion, layout analysis, NER, summarisation, and structured output
Build-vs-buy decided with data — not assumptions
Context & Challenge

Property transactions generate paperwork. A lot of it. For the property tech business behind this engagement, thousands of property documents were moving through a manual review process — each one requiring a trained professional to read, extract key information, and produce structured outputs. It was slow, expensive, and didn't scale.

The documents themselves were the hard part. Property legal PDFs are not clean — they contain dense legal language, spatially complex layouts, nested sections, and tables that don't behave like tables in a spreadsheet. Off-the-shelf document AI tools weren't cutting it. The nuance of property law terminology meant generic NER models missed too much.

The engagement started with a decision: build in-house, or buy from a cloud provider? We didn't assume either answer. We built, benchmarked, and let the data decide.

Approach & Solution

Ingest. Build. Scale.

Stage 01 — Ingest

Taming complex legal PDFs.

The pipeline begins with PDF ingestion — but property legal documents are spatially complex, with nested sections, irregular tables, and formatting that defeats naive text extraction. We built a bespoke ingestion layer covering spatial layout analysis, table detection, and text restructuring — converting chaotic PDF layouts into clean, processable document representations before any AI model touches them.

Stage 02 — Build

Domain-specific models, built and benchmarked in-house.

We built NER and summarisation models in-house, trained specifically on the vocabulary and structure of property legal documents. Then we benchmarked them honestly against AWS and Azure AI services — not to confirm our own work was better, but to inform the right build-vs-buy decision for the client with actual data. For domain-specific tasks, our models matched or exceeded the third-party services.

Named Entity Recognition fine-tuned on property legal terminology
Summarisation models trained on domain-specific document structures
Rigorous benchmarking against AWS and Azure — results used to inform architecture decisions
Stage 03 — Scale

Distributed processing — thousands of documents, under a minute each.

The production system uses distributed processing to handle document volumes that would take weeks of manual review. Each document is ingested, analysed, extracted, and structured in under a minute — automatically, without any manual handoff. Serverless AWS Lambda containers handle inference at scale, keeping costs efficient as volumes grow.

Distributed processing architecture — no manual bottlenecks at any stage
Serverless inference via AWS Lambda containers for scalable, cost-efficient deployment
Structured output delivered directly into downstream workflows
Results & Impact

What changed.

Before Ferrous Labs After Ferrous Labs
Manual document review — hours per document, per trained professional Fully automated pipeline — each document processed in under a minute
Process didn't scale with document volumes Distributed architecture scales to thousands of documents without manual intervention
Generic AI tools failed on domain-specific legal language In-house models matched or exceeded third-party services on domain-specific tasks
Build-vs-buy decisions made on assumption, not data Reusable document AI architecture applicable across legal document types
We didn't assume third-party AI was the answer. We built in-house, benchmarked honestly, and let the data decide. That rigour is what clients deserve — and it's how you build something that actually holds up.
Ferrous Labs engineering note
Technology

Stack

TensorFlow OpenAI API Azure OpenAI AWS Lambda Docker Pandas
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